Analysis of Terrain and Vegetation Distribution in Wawa Zange Woodland, Gombe State, Nigeria

Abstract

This study analyzed the complex connection between the topographic attributes of the Wawa Zange Forest Reserve and the spatial distribution of its vegetation. The study analyzed topographic attributes, classified the various geomorphic units and assessed the relationship between topographic and vegetation distribution within Wawa Zange woodland reserve. The study methodology employed on-site observations, Digital Elevation Model (DEM) utilization, satellite image interpretation, and Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis. The examination of topographical attributes within the Wawa Zange Woodland Reserve revealed a multifaceted landscape. Elevation range analysis showcased a diverse elevation gradient, with mid-elevation ranges dominating the area, 90.63% of the total area falls within the mid-elevation ranges of 301 to 600 meters. The largest portion of the reserve is characterized as "Valley" with slopes of less than 5 degree, covering 2093.36 square kilometers. Aspect analysis highlighted the influence of compass direction on sunlight exposure and microclimatic conditions. Meanwhile, curvature categories concave covering 53.22% and convex covering 46.78% indicated areas of potential water collection and soil erosion susceptibility. These topographical attributes collectively inform strategic forest management and conservation efforts, resource allocation, erosion control measures, and habitat preservation, ultimately contributing to the sustainable management of the Wawa Zange Woodland Reserve's rich and diverse ecosystems.