EXPLORING CULTURAL IDENTITY AND TRADITIONS THROUGH COSTUME AND MAKEUP: UNPACKING THE NZEM BEROM FESTIVAL

Abstract

This research work investigates the significance of traditional costumes in the Nzem Berom festival as a representation of Berom cultural identity. The research explores how these costumes embody symbolic meanings, differentiate the Berom people from other ethnic groups in Nigeria, and preserve Berom heritage and traditions. The research employed a mixed-methods approach, combining participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentary analysis. Data collection took place in Jos South metropolis, Plateau State, Nigeria, among Berom community members, elders, and festival participants. Findings reveal that traditional costumes worn during the Nzem Berom festival are imbued with symbolic meanings reflecting Berom history, mythology, and cultural values. These costumes distinguish the Berom people from other ethnic groups, highlighting their unique cultural practices and traditions. Moreover, costumes play a pivotal role in preserving Berom heritage and traditions. However, concerns surrounding commodification, commercialization, gender dynamics, sustainability, and inclusivity threaten the cultural significance of costumes. Addressing these challenges is crucial to preserving Berom cultural heritage. This research contributes to the existing body of knowledge on cultural identity, traditional costumes, and festival studies. Its findings provide valuable insights for cultural practitioners, policymakers, and researchers seeking to understand complex relationships between culture, identity, and tradition.