African Journal of Research and Management Sciences (AJORMS)
African Journal of Research and Management Sciences (AJORMS) vision is to create new knowledge through research on contemporary issues in management sciences and related fields. It is a fact that knowledge has the power to inspire, transform and move the world forward in innovations and creativity. Based on this, we promote a scholarly research articles in every sphere of life, especially, in the world of business and humanities ensuring that knowledge obtained through research is transform into useful ventures. African Journal of Research and Management Sciences (AJORMS) accepts research articles on contemporary issues from Management Sciences, Social Sciences and Humanities. Our articles are double blind and peered preview. We can be contacted through:
TECHNOLOGY UTILIZATION AND ITS INFLUENCE ON TAX COMPLIANCE BEHAVIOUR OF SMES IN PLATEAU STATE
This study investigates the relationship between technology and tax compliance among small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Plateau State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey design was adopted, with data collected from 291 SMEs in Jos metropolis, selected from a population of 750 using Krejcie and Morgan’s sample size formula. Structured questionnaires were used to gather data, and the results were analyzed using multiple linear regression. Findings reveal that both technological awareness and perceived ease of use have a significant positive relationship with tax compliance among SMEs. The study recommends that SMEs should increase their awareness and adoption of relevant technological tools to improve tax compliance and enhance operational efficiency.
Copyright (c) 2026 PLASU Journal of Management Sciences
ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND CORPORATE RISK DISCLOSURE PRACTICE: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF LISTED INSURANCE FIRMS IN NIGERIA
The study examines the effect of organizational culture on corporate risk disclosure practices of listed insurance firms in Nigeria. Ex-post facto design was used to investigate twenty-six (26) listed insurance firms in Nigeria as the population of the study. Purposive sampling techniques was adopted to select the sample size of ten (10) listed insurance firms, where data were extracted from their financial reports from 2012 to 2024. The panel multiple regression analysis was conducted with the aid of STATA version 17. Generalized least square regression tool was used to test for the formulated hypotheses. The findings established that, both adhocracy culture and market culture have no significant effect on corporate risk disclosure practices of listed insurance firms in Nigeria. The implication is that, managers fail to disclose risk-related information in their reporting to avoid corporate reputation. therefore, regulatory agencies should enforce corporate risk disclosure policies and regulations to help protect the interest of stakeholders. The study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by emphasizing the importance of organizational culture on risk disclosure practices among listed insurance firms in Nigeria. Further studies could adopt mixed method, such as interviews to complement the quantitative findings and offer a richer understanding of the influence of organizational culture on corporate risk disclosure.
Copyright (c) 2025 PLASU Journal of Management Sciences
EFFECT OF PROFITABILITY ON CAPITAL STRUCTURE AND DIVIDEND POLICY OF LISTED COMMERCIAL BANKS IN NIGERIA
This study investigated the moderating effect of profitability on the relationship between capital structure and dividend policy among listed commercial banks in Nigeria. The research was driven by conflicting findings in previous studies and a lack of focused analysis within the banking sector. The study employed a quantitative research design and used panel data from commercial banks listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX) over eleven years within the period (2014-2024). The dependent variable, dividend policy was proxied by dividend payout ratio, while the independent variable, capital structure was measured by debt to equity ratio. Profitability, represented by return on asset, was examined as a moderating variable. Firm size and firm age are introduced as control variables. The analytical techniques used was regression analysis. The findings revealed a significant negative relationship between the debt-to-equity ratio (DTE) and the dividend policy and also Profitability, (ROA) has no significant impact in moderating the relationship between Debt-to-Equity Ratio (DTE) and dividend policy. The recommendation of the study is that banks should avoid excessive debt accumulation, as high leverage undermines their capacity to pay dividends and may erode investor confidence and operational efficiency and sustainable profitability should be prioritized to support dividend stability and long-term shareholder value.
EFFECT OF INNOVATION ON ENTREPRENEURSHIP: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM PRIVATE SCHOOLS OF NORTHEAST GEOPOLITICAL ZONE OF NIGERIA
This study addresses the underexplored relationship between innovation and entrepreneurship in private schools in Nigeria's Northeast geopolitical zone. Employing a descriptive survey research design, we collected quantitative data from 390 proprietors, owner-managers, and managers of private schools, and analyzed it using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Our results reveal a significant and positive effect of collaborative innovation (β = 0.372, p < 0.000) and innovative ideas (β = 0.394, p < 0.000) on entrepreneurship. The findings suggest that private schools can promote entrepreneurship by prioritizing collaborative innovation and generating innovative ideas, which are essential drivers of entrepreneurship, enabling them to stay competitive and achieve sustainable growth. The study implies that private schools that foster a culture of collaborative innovation and encourage innovative thinking are more likely to experience entrepreneurial success and recommend intensifying the use of collaborative innovation and innovative ideas to drive entrepreneurship.
CESSPOOL OF CORRUPTION AND INADEQUATE FUNDING IN FEDERAL TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN KADUNA STATE: IMPLICATIONS FOR NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
This study explored how corruption and inadequate funding affect federal tertiary institutions in Kaduna State, Nigeria, and their broader impact on national development. Employing a quantitative survey design, data were collected from 442 respondents across six institutions using a stratified random sampling technique. Analytical tools such as the Relative Importance Index (RII) and regression analysis were applied to evaluate the prevalence of corruption, the effects of funding shortages, and the effectiveness of proposed mitigation strategies. Findings revealed that corruption especially academic fraud, bribery, and embezzlement pose a greater threat to institutional performance and national progress than funding shortages. Drawing on Resource Dependence Theory, Fraud Triangle Theory, and Fraud Diamond Theory, the study links institutional vulnerabilities, financial pressures, and a heavy reliance on inconsistent government funding to an environment ripe for corruption. Additionally, regression analysis shows that implementing anti-corruption measures such as digital reforms, ethical training, and stricter penalties can significantly curb malpractice and bolster institutional integrity. The study concludes by emphasizing the need for coordinated reforms to address both ethical and financial challenges. By focusing on transparency, accountability, and sustainable funding, Nigeria can strengthen its tertiary institutions, improve workforce quality, and drive long-term socioeconomic development enhancing the overall impact of the sector on national progress. These findings offer actionable insights for policymakers, educators, and development stakeholders.
AN ASSESSMENT OF FORENSIC ACCOUNTING SKILLS AND THEIR ROLE IN DETECTING AND PREVENTING BANK FRAUD IN NIGERIAN DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS
The study examines the effect of forensic accounting skills on bank fraud in deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study employed a cross-sectional field survey research design. The population of the study comprised of 86 staff drawn from the internal auditors who are professional accountants in banks and other compliance officer as well as those from the forensic accounting unit within Jos metropolis and a sample of 71 determined using Taro Yamane formula using purposive sampling technique. It employed the use of structured questionnaire as method of data collection and the hypotheses were tested using multiple linear regression. Findings show that investigative skills have significant effect on bank fraud in deposit money banks in Nigeria. Also, the study revealed that analytical skills have significant effect on bank fraud deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study recommended that deposit money banks in Nigeria should invest in training programs that focus on developing forensic accounting investigative and analytical skills among their staff. This will help strengthen their ability to detect and prevent fraudulent activities.
PROFESSIONALISM AND SME INTERNATIONALIZATION: THE EFFECT OF PROFESSIONAL AUTONOMY AND PROFESSIONAL COMMITMENT
This study examines the influence of professionalism on the internationalization of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria. Guided by a positivist philosophical stance and a deductive research approach, the study employed a cross-sectional survey across the six geo-political zones of Nigeria, using a probability sampling technique and a total calculated sample size of 365.14. Data were collected using a five-point Likert scale instrument, with 330 valid responses analyzed. Descriptive statistics, factor analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and non-parametric tests (Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, Median test) were applied. Hypotheses were tested using chi-square tests. The conceptual model positioned professional autonomy and professional commitment as independent variables and SME internationalization as the dependent variable. Reliability testing yielded a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.933, exceeding the 0.70 threshold. PCA results confirmed the validity of the measurement structure, with KMO values above 0.6 and Bartlett’s tests statistically significant (p < 0.05). For professional autonomy, one component explained 54.5% of the variance, while professional commitment had two components explaining 40% and 24% of variance, respectively. Findings underscore that both professional autonomy and professional commitment significantly enhance SME internationalization potential in Nigeria.
MILITARY EXPENDITURE AND INVESTMENT FLOWS IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAN COUNTRIES: DOES CROWD-OUT EFFECT EXIST?
This study examines the effect of military expenditure and insecurity on investment flows in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) from 2000 to 2023, focusing on both domestic investment and foreign direct investment (FDI). The analysis reveals a dual impact of military spending: while it positively influences domestic investment, supporting the crowd-in hypothesis, it has a negative impact on FDI, confirming the crowd-out hypothesis. Insecurity further exacerbates the negative effect on FDI, signaling instability to foreign investors. However, military expenditure can restore investor confidence domestically by improving security and fostering a safer environment for long-term investments. The study also explores the interaction between military spending and insecurity, finding that increased military expenditure in the presence of insecurity deepens the adverse effects on both domestic investment and FDI. These findings suggest that military expenditure alone cannot resolve the region's security challenges and could harm foreign investment prospects. The study concludes that while military spending may boost domestic investment, it deters foreign investors, particularly in insecure regions. Policymakers are advised to adopt comprehensive approaches, including institutional reforms and conflict resolution strategies, to mitigate the impact of insecurity and create a more conducive environment for investments in SSA.
EFFECT OF PATRONAGE ON PROFITABILITY: A SURVEY OF BAR BUSINESS IN JOS NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF PLATEAU STATE
This study investigates the effect of patronage on profitability within the bar business in Jos North Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research encompasses quantitative surveys of 100 patrons and qualitative interviews with 30 bar owners. Key findings reveal that factors such as service quality (mean score: 4.5), ambiance (4.3), pricing (4.0), and safety/hygiene (4.6) significantly influence customer patronage, which correlates positively with profitability (r = 0.65, p < 0.01). Qualitative insights highlight the importance of creating unique customer experiences and the challenges posed by competition and economic fluctuations. The study concludes that bar owners must innovate and prioritize customer engagement to enhance loyalty and profitability. Recommendations include implementing loyalty programs, leveraging social media marketing, and maintaining high safety standards. The implications of this research extend to theoretical contributions in hospitality management, methodological approaches for future studies, and practical strategies for bar owners to thrive in a competitive market.
BRAND AWARENESS AND PURCHASE FREQUENCY IN SELECTED SUPERSTORES INLAGOS STATE, NIGERIA
In Nigeria, a mix of economic challenges and changing consumer behaviors particularly those related to essential goods have affected purchase frequency especially in the discretionary spending category, have experienced declines. Hence, this paper examined aims to investigate the effect of brand awareness on purchase frequency in Nigeria superstores. Specifically, it examined: the effect of advertisement, personal selling, public relations and sales promotion on purchase frequency. Survey research design was adopted with an infinite population and a sample size of 384 purposively selected internet-compliant customers of selected Nigeria Superstores in Lagos State, Nigeria were administered structured questionnaire. Data collected was analyzed using PLS-SEM. Findings revealed that Advertisement shows the strongest influence (β=0.332, t=8.121, p<0.001) on purchase frequency, followed by Sales Promotion (β=0.272, t=5.691, p<0.001), Public Relations (β=0.186, t=3.290, p=0.001), and Personal Selling (β=0.164, t=3.262, p=0.001) on purchase frequency respectively. It concluded that brand awareness is significantly vital for achieving strong purchase frequency in Nigeria Superstores. It therefore strongly recommended that Nigerian superstores should implement an integrated omnichannel advertising strategy by allocating 30% of their marketing budget to digital platforms (social media, mobile apps, and email marketing).
THE ROLE OF EXPANSION STRATEGIES IN THE GROWTH OF MTN NIGERIA, A CASE STUDY OF MTN NIGERIA, DAMATURU BRANCH, YOBE STATE
Although the mainstream of the investigations that study expansion strategies focus on expansion strategies from the standpoint of theoretical formulation and growth as per external and internal, little attention has been paid to the growth from perspective of the point of implementing organizational strategies formulated especially within the telecommunication industry like MTN. Therefore, this research aims to examine the extent at which expansion strategies affects the growth of MTN; ascertain the challenges faced in the implementation of the expansion strategies by MTN and examine the relationship between expansion strategies and the growth of MTN. This is achieved by using descriptive research design in order to generalize the findings to a larger population and it is more precise and accurate since it involves description of events in a carefully planned way. A stratified random sampling is used in the study as 123 staff of MTN in Damaturu, Yobe state across four MTN offices collected questionnaires, while 120 was retrieved. The study finds with strong evidence that expansion strategies has a positive effect on the growth of MTN. Regression Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) table showed F-value of 4.196 and P<0.05, and it implies that the regression is significant statistically, the extent at which Growth is dependent on Expansion Strategies is significant. Also, the study finds that the relationship between concentration strategies, integration strategies and diversification; and growth of mtn is significant with 0.82, 0.78 and 0.87 (p<0.05). The study also finds that the inability to understand the peculiarities of a new market, such as the demographic, cultural, and economic factors that may affect the success of the expansion, funding and financial allocation, and setting up subsidiary and legal compliance could be very challenging in the course of strategizing for growth. The study recommends that MTN should develop their products to meet the needs of the target market, allocate finances appropriately for priorities and also intimate staff on legal compliance and deliberate implementation of strategies for sustainable growth of the organization.
THE MEDIATING ROLE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL WELLBEING IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WORK ENVIRONMENTS ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE OF ACADEMIC STAFF IN SELECTED HIGHER INSTITUTION OF YOBE STATE
The work environment which encompasses several factors impacts on the way the employees perform their work. A comfortable and all inclusive workplace environment will boost the employees’ performance hence boosting the organizational performance. Psychological wellbeing is a very subjective concept meaning, contentment, satisfaction with all elements of life, the objectives of the study were is to investigate the extent to which work environment affects employee performance, psychological wellbeing and their relationship. 285 questionnaires were administered to staff of FUGA, YSU & M. POLYTECHNIC and 163 were returned. This study used the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 and Structural Equation Model (Smart PLS) for data analysis. Descriptive research design was adopted for the study. The researcher used stratified sampling technique in selecting the employees. The study used primary data and was analyzed using descriptive statistics that included frequencies, mean scores, standard deviation and percentages. Findings revealed that work environment has positive influence on employee performance and psychological wellbeing of academic staff and there is a significant relationship between employee psychological wellbeing and employee performance of Academic Staff. There is need to create a conducive work environment that will enhance psychological wellbeing of employees and in turn improve their performance. It was therefore recommended that the government and management of HEI’s should focus on the psychological wellbeing of their employees’ and also to ensure they have conducive work environment so as to be more dedicated and more productive.
THE MEDIATING ROLE OF INCENTIVES IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMPLOYEE RELATIONSHIP AND PRODUCTIVITY OF POLYTECHNICS STAFF IN BAUCHI STATE
This study examines the mediating role of incentive program on the relation between employee relationship and productivity of Bauchi State Polytechnics. We draw from human relations theory to justify the relationship. Copies of questionnaires were distributed to 360 polytechnic staff and 287 out of the retrieved were usable. The data collected was analysed using SMARTPLS 4.4.9. The findings established Employee relationship significantly influences productivity and an incentive mediates the relationship between employee relationship and productivity. This study results have some practical implications for managers and policy makers that are interested in getting the best out of the employees’ which will boost the employee motivation, commitment and productivity of their organizations.
Employee Incentives & Employee Productivity
THE IMPACT OF HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT ON EMPLOYEE TURNOVER IN SELECTED PRIVATE SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN JOS SOUTH
The issue of employee moving from one organization to another in search of job satisfaction has post a great challenge, many business organizations in the 21st century. Employees do not only move from one organization to another for pleasure, but for failure of management to appreciate the development of human capital, skills, abilities, and social development this act also constitute threats to employee. The study therefore aims to evaluate the effect human capital development on employee turnover in selected private secondary schools in Jos South. Three hypotheses were formulated related to employee turnover. Adopted questionnaire were applied, using primary data collected and administered to the sample size of 174 staff out of which 150 was duly completed and retrieved regression methods was used in analyzing the data, the result of hypothesis indicates a significant relationship between employee training and employee turnover, the hypothesis also indicates a significant relationship between employee compensation on employee turnover, a significant relationship between employee’s appraisal on employee turnover. The study concluded that employee training, compensation, and employee appraisal policies minimizes employee turnover in the selected private secondary schools in Jos south. The study recommended that there is need for management of private secondary schools to intensify efforts on training and compensation of employees with proper appraisal techniques has positive effects on in their school and reduce the turnover intention.
THE EFFECT OF SELF EFFICACY IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION AND ENTREPRENEURIAL POTENTIAL AMONG SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN JOS NORTH LGA, PLATEAU STATE
The study seeks to examine the direct impact of entrepreneurship education, as well as the mediating role of self-efficacy on the entrepreneurial potential of senior secondary school students in Jos North LGA, Plateau State Nigeria. Data was collected through a primary field data, i.e. a questionnaire survey was gathered from 327 students spread across 19 government schools in the region. Data was analyzed by structural equation modelling using SPSS 26 and AMOS 23 to establish the impact of the study variables. The results suggest that entrepreneurship education, in terms of student centered learning, course content and inspiration, mediated by self-efficacy, and significantly influences entrepreneurial potential. Findings of the study reveals that self-efficacy has a mediating role in the relationship entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial potential. Also, the direct relationship between entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial potential was positive and significant. Furthermore, anchoring on the theory of planned behavior supported by the engagement learning theory, this study finds that students' active participation in an entrepreneurship education course can increase his/her self-belief to be effective when performing a task. And believing in oneself, having personal standards and having control over behavior can help build the entrepreneurial potential of the student towards venturing into being self-employed.
THE EFFECT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION DIMENSIONS ON ENTREPRENEURIAL MINDSET OF PUBLIC UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN PLATEAU STATE
Entrepreneurship is key to contributing to innovation, job creation, and a nation’s economic and societal advancement. This study borrows from social cognitive and engagement learning theories to establish a position that explains the entrepreneurial mindset among university graduating students, owing to the rate of graduates' engagement in entrepreneurial activities. Similarly, since a positive entrepreneurial mindset promotes participation in entrepreneurial activities, this study examines the effects of an entrepreneurial mindset among university students in Nigeria. A cross-sectional design was adopted to achieve the study objectives, using a sample of 369 graduating students (400 levels) across the University of Jos and Plateau State University, Bokkos, in Plateau State. The quantitative data analysis involved descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling using SPSS 25 and AMOS 23, based on 349 usable observations. The findings indicate that entrepreneurship education in terms of active learning, curricular content, and extracurricular activity is a significant predictor of entrepreneurial mindset. The primary conclusion is that the integration of entrepreneurship education dimensions, which predict entrepreneurial mindset dimensions at a composite level, is essential to the entrepreneurial mindset model of students in Nigerian universities. As a result, the study's findings lend credence to the theoretical framework chosen. In addition, policymakers should develop and implement an active entrepreneurship education program with the goal of encouraging university students to adopt an entrepreneurial attitude. The policy implication is that universities in the twenty-first century should employ and train lecturers who are resourceful and have the skills and competence in teaching entrepreneurship that will enhance the active engagement of students and entrepreneurial mindset. Also, providing an enabling environment that fosters lifelong learning for students by Nigerian universities is a policy implication.
INNOVATIVENESS AND PERFORMANCE: A MEDIATING ROLE OF CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IN SMALL AND MEDIUM PRINTING FIRMS IN ABUJA, FEDERAL CAPITAL TERRITORY, NIGERIA.
This study examines innovativeness and performance: a mediating role of customer satisfaction in printing firms in Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria. The study adopted a survey research design. The population of this study consist of 741 employees of registered printing press with Corporate Affairs Commission (2020), Abuja, FCT. The study used Taro Yamane’s formula to determine the sample size of 260 employees of Printing Press in Abuja, Nigeria. The method of data collection used was a questionnaire that was administered to the respondents. The statistical tool used is Partial Least Square Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM). The findings revealed a positive effect of innovation on the performance of printing press firms in Abuja. Also, innovation has the strongest effect on customer satisfaction of small and medium printing firms in Abuja; also, innovation has the strongest effect on performance of small and medium printing press firms in Abuja and; customer satisfaction has the strongest effect on performance small and medium printing firms in Abuja. The study concluded that there is a positive effect of innovation on the performance of printing firms in Abuja, Nigeria. Also, innovation has the strongest effect on customer satisfaction of small and medium printing firms in Abuja. Customer satisfaction has significant effect on performance small and medium printing firms in Abuja and innovation has significant effect on performance of small and medium printing firms in Abuja. Based on the conclusion, it was recommended that printing firms should continue using innovation in terms of product innovation, technology innovation, process innovation, marketing and incremental innovation since it significantly contributes to performance in terms of sales increase, growth, market performance and increase in market share; and also ensure customer satisfaction in the organizations.
FACTORS DETERMINING THE GROWTH OF YOUTH OWNED SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN NIGERIA: A STUDY OF ABUBAKAR TAFAWA BALEWA UNIVERSITY, BAUCHI
The study was necessary to determine the elements affecting SMEs' growth at Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi in order to improve their chances of growth. The study was directed by four research questions. The factors considered were market access, legal and regulatory environment, capital access, and technological adoption. The primary source of information was a self-administered questionnaire. SMEs operating within Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University in Bauchi, Bauchi State, made up the target population. The population of the study was 150 SMEs registered with Hostel Allocation Committee of the Student Affairs Division of the University, and a sample size of 119 was obtained including 10% non-response or error in filling questionnaires. Simple random sampling was used to administer questionnaires to youth owned SMEs. The study utilized Statistical Package for Social Science to perform multiple regression (SPSS). Inferential statistical techniques were used to interpret and present the data. The findings of the study revealed that, consumer access, legal and regulatory environment, capital access, and technological adoption all have a major impact on technological adoption. Thus, financial and other lending institutions should be aware of the costly and difficult lending conditions that youth-owned SMEs face in the country. They can then discuss the crucial problem of lending rates, namely how to reduce the cost of credit by lowering interest rates. The process of obtaining credit should also be easy and straightforward. To reduce the cost of doing business for SMEs, government should review its taxation scheme, which includes both the federal and state governments. Given their small scale financial strength, youth-owned SMEs should be given consideration.
EFFECT OF SERVICE QUALITY DELIVERY AND CUSTOMER SATISFACTON ON CUSTOMER LOYALTY IN SOME SELECTED HOSPITALS IN JOS METROPOLIS
The study evaluated the effect of service quality delivery and customer satisfaction on customer loyalty in selected hospitals in Jos North Metropolis. The main objective of the study was to ascertain the extent to which customer satisfaction mediates the relationship between service quality and customer loyalty in selected hospitals in Jos North Metropolis. The total populations of 456,568 customers of the selected hospitals were used for the study. The study adopted survey method of research with the use of questionnaire to collect data from 400 sampled customers, out of which 360 were duly completed and retrieved. Simple random sampling technique was adopted for the study while Co-variance Structural Equation Modeling (CB-SEM) was used in analyzing the data. From the results, hypothesis one, two and three were tested and it was found that there are significant relationship between service quality delivery and customer loyalty, there is a significant relationship between service quality delivery and customer satisfaction, there is a significant relationship between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty respectively. It was confirmed that customer satisfaction mediates the relationship between service quality delivery and customer loyalty. The study concluded that service quality delivery alone does not ensure long term loyalty of customers but paying attention to customer satisfaction in any organization will further ensure effective customer loyalty. The study recommended that health service organizations should recognized that in the midst of competition, service quality delivery is necessary to sustain loyalty, but where quality is given and satisfaction is not sustained, the tendency of loyalty of such customer will be very low since customers are rational beings; therefore, the study further recommends that health organizations should build up the satisfaction level of their customers by improving on their services, this will go a long way in strengthening the relationship between service quality delivery and customer loyalty.
Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty
EFFECT OF RISK MANAGEMENT ON PROFITABILITY OF MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN NIGERIA. A STUDY OF GRAND CEREALS NIG. LTD
This research study was aimed at examining the impact of risk management on the profitability of manufacturing industries in Nigeria, focusing on the Grand Cereal industry in Plateau State. The study investigated the relationship between three independent variables, namely materials price fluctuation risk, operational risks, and supply chain disruption, and the dependent variable of profitability, proxied by return on equity (ROE). The research design employed in this study is a descriptive survey research design. The study population consists of active functional, strategic, and various lines managers in the Grand Cereal industry, Plateau State. A sample size of 384 respondents was selected using the Cochrane formula at a 5% level of significance. The data was collected through a questionnaire administered to the selected respondents. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics for the common sample and the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression analysis. The findings of the study reveal a significant and positive relationship between return on equity (ROE) in the manufacturing industry and three key risk management factors: operational risk management, supply chain risk management, and material pricing risk management. These findings emphasize the importance of effectively managing operational risks, such as process efficiency and safety measures, to enhance financial performance. Based on the results, it was concluded that manufacturing firms that prioritize operational efficiency, safety measures, and risk mitigation strategies can expect improved profitability and stronger returns on equity. The study recommended that manufacturing firms leverage the positive and significant relationship between operational risk management, supply chain risk management, material pricing risk management, and return on equity (ROE) to strengthen their financial performance. Furthermore, optimizing material procurement strategies, minimizing the impact of price fluctuations, increasing resilience, and gaining a competitive edge in the industry are crucial recommendations for manufacturing firms to enhance their profitability.
EFFECT OF PERCEIVED ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT ON NURSES TURNOVER INTENTION IN PUBLIC HOSPITALS IN PLATEAU STATE
This research sought to establish the impact of perceived organizational support dimensions on nurses’ turnover intention in public hospitals in Plateau State as the study setting. Data were collected through a questionnaire from the three public hospital nurses, consisting of 318 respondents. A survey design was applied to 318 nurses from the public hospitals in Plateau State. The result showed that an employee’s welfare is significantly associated with turnover intention; an employee’s career development is significantly associated with turnover intention; role clarity is significantly associated with turnover intention; and employee recognition is significantly associated with turnover intention. This study is significant as it provides a better understanding of the reasons that lead nurses to consider leaving the organization where they work and the difference between nursing professionals in public hospitals.
EFFECT OF LOAN-TO-ASSET RATIO ON NON-PERFORMING LOANS IN DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN NIGERIA.
This study examined the effect of loan-to-asset ratio (LAR) on Non-Performing loans in deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study used an ex post facto research design. The population of the study comprised all the 14 quoted deposit money banks in Nigeria with a sample size of eight (8) deposit money banks licensed with international authorities consisting of Access Bank Plc., Fidelity Bank Plc., First City Monument Bank Plc., First Bank Nigeria Ltd., Guarantee Trust Bank Plc., Union Bank of Nigeria Plc., United Bank for Africa Plc and Zenith Bank Plc. Data was generated from the annual financial reports and accounts of the sampled deposit money banks, the Central Bank of Nigeria, and the Nigerian Exchange Gro up respectively. Descriptive statistics, correlation tests and Panel regression were used for analysis. Panel regression was used to analyze the data and the findings showed that loan-to-asset ratio has a negative and significant effect on non-performing loans of deposit money banks in Nigeria. Furthermore, bank size has a positive and insignificant effect on non-performing loans of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study recommends that the CBN should constantly update its supervisory skills and strategies while enforcing its lending policy guidelines to achieve stability in the banking sector. Similarly, management of Deposit Money Banks should avoid charging high-interest rates on loans and advances as well as lending to high-risk borrowers to bring cases of loan defaults to the barest minimum. This measure will no doubt curtail the excessive accumulation of bad loans and financial crises in the banking sector.
BOARD GENDER DIVERSITY AND SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING:MODERATING EFFECT OF FIRM AGE OF NIGERIAN INDUSTRIALGOODS FIRMS
The numerous activities and unethical attitude of organizations which have been linked to climate change and other environmental disaster have made disclosure of the impact of organizational activities on the society and the environment imperative. In view of this, this study examined the effect of board diversity on sustainability disclosure, with moderating effect of firm age in the Nigerian industrial goods firms. This study is for a period of 11 years (2009 – 2019). The population of this research work are all the 14 listed industrial firms in Nigeria of which 2 companies were filtered out due to lack of comprehensive data for the period of study indicating 12 listed companies as the sample size. The data were generated from the annual and sustainability reports of the sampled firms using the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) checklist as a yardstick. One hundred and thirty-two (132) set of reports were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. Results from the data analysis revealed a significant positive effect of board gender diversity on sustainability disclosure. A further analysis revealed a strengthening effect of the moderating variable (firm age) on the relationship between board gender diversity and sustainability disclosure. This study therefore, concluded that firm age significantly moderates the relationship between board gender diversity and sustainability disclosure. This study recommends that more female directors should be encouraged on the boards of Nigerian firms (both young and old) because of their sensitivity to the environment and people generally which usually help them make decisions that will favour the environment and the generality of the people leading to more sustainability activities and disclosure.
TRUST AND CUSTOMER PATRONAGE OF BOVAS PETROL FILLING STATIONS IN ILORIN METROPOLIS
Petro filling stations in Nigeria find it difficult to maintain continuous customers’ patronage which is evident in the way petroleum products customers search for reliable and trusted station for patronage; hence, this study investigated the influence of trust on customer patronage of Bovas Petrol Filling Stations in Kwara State. Therefore, the study aimed at investigating the effect of trust on filling stations customers’ patronage using Bovas Filling Stations in Kwara State as case study. The population of this study was confined to Bovas Filling Stations in Ilorin Metropolis, Kwara State, Nigeria. In shaping the sample size of clients, the researcher used a purposeful, convenient and random sampling procedure since the population frame is infinite. Two hundred and Eighty participants were conveniently sampled after a careful selection process made across the study area. The data were analysed using simple descriptive method (frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation). In addition, the hypothesis was tested using regression analysis. The study showed that the proxied elements of trust (civilities of staff, dispensing pump accuracy and quality of product) significantly influenced customers' patronage. The study concluded that trust elements are capable of ensuring and maintaining customers’ patronage. It therefore recommended that petrol filling stations need to maintain a definite strategic plan that will ensure staff civility, accurate pump price and quality product to maintain trust and organise training for the managers and attendants on how to handle issues promptly and manage the relationship from all sources; empowering petrol attendants and staff with enough required authority so that they can instantaneously manage customers' queries.
THE IMPACT OF DOMESTIC CREDIT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA
Attaining high level of economic growth had been a major policy objective of the Nigerian government over the years. In order to achieve this, the nation had targeted domestic credit mobilization and utilization to minimize the problem of capital flight and other related volatile economic situations. Based on System Generalized Method of Moments (SYSGMM) with sectors as the study units, it was found that domestic credit and female employees had negative impact on economic growth and was statistically significant at 10 percent. The negative impact could be due to high interest rate on loans, skills mismatch, weak institutions, fewer full-time female employees, low level of education among women compared to men and high number of women in the informal sector. The Federal Government should mobilize unclaimed dividends and idle funds in banks for use at less than 10 percent interest rate by producers as loans. This will make more funds available for use as domestic credit and improve its contribution to economic growth.
THE EFFECT OF WORK STRESS ON EMPLOYEE-WELLBEING IN NIGERIAN BANKS
Employees are the heart of any successful enterprise. The wellbeing of employee in an organization starts from the kind of employment and the packages that comes with the employment. The kind of employment determines the kind of treatment the employee gest in terms of general welfare and compensation. This study examines the effect of work stress on the overall employees‟ wellbeing using employees in the Nigerian banking industry. Data were collected from selected Bank employees across Abuja Metropolis. 384 questionnaires administered and used for further analysis. Partial Least Square/Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) via SMART-PLS version 3.3.3 to test the hypothesized relationship. The findings reveal that: Work Stress significantly affects the Physical, Mental and Emotional Well-being of bank employees. The paper therefore, recommended that there is need for Bank management to introduce wellbeing techniques geared towards reducing work stress in banks. An Employee Assistance Program must be introduced for early stress identification and intervention to ensure increase in the level of productivity.
EFFECT OF LEARNING ORGANIZATION ON COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE
The study examines the effect of learning organization on competitive advantage, a study of selected banks in Warri Delta State, Nigeria. It covers only selected banks in Warri, Delta State. The research design method that was adopted for this study was a cross sectional survey research design method. The population of the study covers all employees of six (6) selected Banks in Warri, Delta State. The population for the study comprised of 515 employees of six (6) selected Banks in Warri Delta State. The sample size of 225 employees was derived using Taro Yamane’s formula. The probability sampling method that was employed in this study is stratified random sampling method. Data for this research were gathered from primary source. Measurement of the model reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha (CA) based tests. The study findings indicate that the three indicators of learning organization: innovation, facilitative and self-development shows exhibited significant positive effect on Competitive Advantage. The study recommended that Organizations should create a learning organizational culture to develop their innovation performance to achieve competitive advantage.
THE ROLE OF ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE IN EMPLOYEE TURNOVERINTENTION: A SURVEY OF EMPLOYEES OF PUBLIC AND PRIVATEORGANISATIONS IN JOS.
Against the contention that employee turnover intention represents the most consistent predictor of turnover, which has serious direct and indirect costs with negative impact on the bottom-line, this study examined the problem in both public and private sector settings in a survey of 150 employees. Structured questionnaires guided by the organisational culture assessment instrument of Cameron & Quinn and the 3-item inventory turnover invention scale of Cammani, Jenkins and Klesh, were completed by 119 employees, and analysed using Pearson Correlation Coefficient, Analysis of Variance and Kruskal –Wallis test, in testing hypotheses on the relationship between turnover intention and the specified organisational culture characteristics, as well as the difference in turnover intentions between public and private sector employees. The results indicate a significant relationship between the variables of organisational leadership, management of employees and criteria of success, which varies significantly between employees in the public and private sectors, while the relationship with dominant characteristics, strategic emphasis and organisational glue were found not to be significant. Based on these, recommendations were made to managements of organisations to emphasise practices via leadership and management styles with cognizance of what employees consider their success outcomes that trigger job satisfaction with the attendant commitment, hence less disposition to leave.
THE ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURS’ CULTURAL AND SOCIAL INTELLIGENCE ONTHE PERFORMANCE OF MICRO SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (MSMES)IN PLATEAU STATE
This study was aimed to uncover the extent to which individuals’ cultural and social intelligence enhances MSMEs performance. Cross-sectional survey design was adopted for the study using simple random sampling technique. A sample size of 400 business owners was determined using the Yamane formula. Multiple regression was used for data analyses in SPSS. The findings of the research reveal that Cultural and Social intelligence significantly influence MSMEs performance positively. The mediation effect was complementary partially mediated. Understanding the value of Cultural and Social Intelligence in enhancing business performance has brought to fore the need for MSMEs owners to strive to acquire and develop cultural and social intelligence in order to navigate customer relationship management and grow their business. This finding has offered explanation to the differences in the performance of some of the businesses that have managed to flourish in the harsh Nigerian business landscape.
THE IMPACT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION AND PERSONALINITIATIVE ON SELF-EMPLOYMENT INTENTION AMONG FINAL YEARSTUDENTS OF PLATEAU STATE UNIVERSITY, BOKKOS
This research sought to establish the impact of entrepreneurship education and the development of personal initiative in higher institutions of learning to self-employment intention of graduate, using Plateau State University, Bokkos, as the study setting. Field data were collected through a questionnaire survey from seven Departments consisting of 532 respondents. A hierarchical regression analysis was performed to established the relationships among the studied variables. The results showed that self-employment intention is associated with entrepreneurship education; self-employment intention is associated with personal initiative among students of Plateau State University Bokkos. The novelty of this study lies in the fact that it provides empirical evidence for explaining the antecedent on the perspective of self-employment intention, contribution to plan behaviour and personal initiative theories, and validates the hypothesis that entrepreneurship education spurs personal initiative for individuals or students to become entrepreneurs.